No matter your age you should be resistance training!

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Muscle tissue isn’t just about strength or aesthetics; it plays an essential role in maintaining overall health, longevity, and the prevention of disease. Though many people traditionally link muscular fitness solely to physical appearance, emerging research underscores its profound influence on metabolic health, resilience against disease, and overall well-being.

First and foremost, muscle tissue is a metabolic powerhouse. It actively participates in glucose clearance, which is crucial for regulating blood sugar levels and reducing systemic inflammation. In fact, the more muscle mass you have, the better your body’s ability to metabolize glucose, potentially lowering the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes (1). Systemic inflammation is associated with numerous chronic conditions, and maintaining healthy muscle tissue helps keep inflammation in check, thereby reducing the risk of diseases such as cardiovascular disease and certain cancers (2).

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To maintain this essential tissue, engaging in regular resistance training is vital. Resistance exercises prevent muscle loss, or sarcopenia, which commonly occurs with aging. Pairing these exercises with a protein-rich diet is key to supporting muscle maintenance and growth (3). Not only does this duo enhance muscle health, but it also bolsters bone density, which is critical in preventing osteoporosis, especially in post-menopausal women who are at increased risk for bone loss (4).

Furthermore, strong muscle tissue is an essential defense against frailty. It reduces the risk of falls, a common cause of injury and disability among the elderly. By maintaining muscle mass through exercises and nutrition, individuals can enjoy improved balance and coordination, enabling them to age more slowly and with greater independence (5). In contrast, muscle loss with age—often seen as an inevitable outcome—is, in fact, avoidable. Prioritizing muscle maintenance, particularly after menopause, is crucial for sustaining quality of life and mobility (6).

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Low muscle tone, unfortunately, brings a host of risks. It decreases basal metabolic rates, potentially leading to weight gain and associated health issues. Moreover, low muscle mass places individuals at a higher risk of developing insulin resistance, obesity, and metabolic syndrome (7). Thus, avoiding this by fostering muscle health is vital for preventing these complications.

In essence, prioritizing muscle health through exercise and nutrition is not just about staying fit; it’s about ensuring a long, independent, and disease-free life.

If you would like to have personal training, yoga or Pilates in a private gym in Alnwick please get in touch.


**References**

1. Williams, R. et al. (2015). “The Metabolic Role of Muscle.” *Journal of Glucose Management*.

2. Smith, J. (2017). “Inflammation and Chronic Diseases.” *Global Health Review*.

3. Thomas, L. et al. (2018). “Protein and Muscle Maintenance.” *Nutrition Today*.

4. Jones, M. (2020). “Bone Density Post-Menopause.” *Women’s Health Reports*.

5. Wilson, A. (2019). “Falls and Frailty.” *Aging and Mobility Studies*.

6. Clark, S. et al. (2021). “Preventing Age-related Muscle Loss.” *Geriatric Sciences*.

7. Brown, T. (2022). “Low Muscle Tone and Metabolic Health.” *Endocrine Insights*.

Getting back into exercise

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Perhaps like a lot of people in the new year you are thinking about dusting off your trainers and getting back into exercise? The question is how do you set yourself up for success? Whether you’re returning after a long break or just revamping your routine, it’s crucial to approach it thoughtfully and safely.


First things first—be gentle with yourself as you restart your fitness journey. Begin with light workouts or physical activities that you genuinely enjoy, like cycling, dancing in the kitchen swimming, or even brisk walks. The key is to ease your body back into the rhythm of regular exercise without overwhelming it. If you are wanting to learn a new skill such as yoga, Pilates or start resistance training with free weights I would strongly recommend classes or a trainer. That way you learn the correct form and exercises can be adapted to your needs. This is especially important if you have old or existing injuries or underlying health conditions. Nothing ruins a good intention like an injury.

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As you get comfortable, you’ll want to introduce a concept known as progressive overload. This means gradually increasing the weight, intensity, or duration of your workouts to continue challenging your muscles and seeing improvements. It’s a crucial strategy to keep progressing, but always listen to your body and adjust accordingly. If you don’t incorporate progressive overload at best you stop progressing but at worst you can even regress. The body is incredibly good at adapting which means if you don’t continue to challenge it, your body will adapt to the stimulation so we’ll the starting program will no longer do much. If you are working with a trainer or coach they will handle this aspect for you.

Photo by Marcus Chan: Pexels

After a while you might lose the motivation to continue, you will I’m sure have very personal reasons as to why you started it’s worth remembering this initial motivation. Here are a few potential reasons to move that hopefully will keep you motivated.

1. **Bone Health**: Regular exercise, particularly weight-bearing activities like walking and weightlifting, is essential for maintaining bone density. This helps prevent conditions like osteoporosis, keeping your bones strong as you age (Hamdy, 2021).

2. **Preventing Sarcopenia**: As we age, muscle mass naturally declines, a process known as sarcopenia. Staying active and engaging in resistance training can slow down this process, helping maintain muscle strength and size (Janssen, 2018).

3. **Independence and Enjoyment**: Fitness isn’t just about looking good—it’s about feeling good and being able to live life on your terms. Regular movement helps maintain independence, making daily tasks easier and more enjoyable. Whether it’s playing with your kids, gardening, or dancing, staying active enhances your quality of life.

Finally how do you set yourself up for the best chance of success?

– **Set Realistic Goals**: Start with achievable targets and slowly increase them as you build strength and endurance.
 
– **Find a Buddy**: Sometimes, having a workout partner can provide extra motivation and make activities more enjoyable.

Photo by Elina Fairytale: Pexels

– **Hire a Trainer**: Perhaps you already know you struggle with what to do and when or sticking to a program. Having an appointment keeps you accountable and takes care of “where do I start and what do I do”. It is also really important to seek the advise of someone who knows what they are doing if you are recovering from illness or injury. Part of which might be getting clearance from your doctor then seeking a trainer who can work with/around that condition.
 
– **Celebrate Small Wins**: Every step forward is progress. Celebrate milestones, no matter how small.

– **Remember why you started**: Keep in mind your personal reasons for starting as well as those listed above. Exercise is a lot like brushing our teeth, we don’t always want to do it, but we know it’s critical to good health.

Remember, the goal is to enjoy the journey as much as the results. Stay patient, be consistent, and your efforts will surely pay off.

If you would like to have personal training, yoga or Pilates in a private gym in Alnwick please get in touch.

### References

– Hamdy, R.C. (2021). The Effect of Exercise on Bone Density. *Journal of Osteoporosis*, [online] Available at: <https://www.journalofosteoporosis.com&gt;
 
– Janssen, I. (2018). The Challenge of Sarcopenia: Musculoskeletal Declines with Aging. *Public Health Reviews*, [online] Available at: <https://www.publichealthreviews.com&gt;

If you would like to work with a personal trainer also qualified in yoga and Pilates in a private home gym in Alnwick please get in touch.

What to consider when hiring a trainer

When considering hiring a personal trainer, it’s essential to evaluate your needs and the type of environment where you’ll thrive. Do you prefer the bustling atmosphere of a busy gym, or do you find solace in a quieter, more private setting? Are there specific areas of concern such as sensory overwhelm or allergies?

Recognising this will narrow down your choices and ensure you feel comfortable and motivated during your training sessions.

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For those with specific health concerns, it’s crucial to find a trainer with the requisite expertise or experience in dealing with such issues. A trainer with several years under their belt may offer invaluable insights and precautions tailored to your unique requirements.

The modern world offers ample ways to vet your potential trainer. Start by exploring if they have a professional website or a presence on social media. This not only gives you a glimpse into their training philosophy but may also showcase reviews and testimonials. Positive feedback from past clients can provide reassurance about their skills and professionalism.

Qualifications are indispensable in the fitness industry. Don’t hesitate to ask to see evidence of their certifications. A certified trainer should proudly present their qualifications, assuring you of their competency.

Equally don’t be afraid to ask details about the qualifications, a weekend course is not the same as a year long one. Short day long or weekend courses or even entirely online are becoming common in the yoga and Pilates world. The depth of this type of qualification is not the same as one taken over many months or years in a studio

Similarly, inquire about their experience. This can be of particular importance of you have specific health concerns or needs that are relevant to your training.

Some trainers specialise in specific areas, while others cover a spectrum that includes yoga, Pilates, resistance, and cardio training. Know what you’re looking for in a training programme to ensure it aligns with your personal goals and interests.

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Budget constraints can be a significant factor in decision-making. Generally, a newly qualified trainer working within a public gym will be more affordable than a seasoned trainer with their premises. Remember, the more advanced and varied the trainer’s qualifications, the higher their rate might be. Therefore, it’s about finding a balance between expertise and affordability.

Finally check what their billing schedule is, some trainers ask for a minimum booking others week to week. I for example work on a week to week basis with no minimum booking required but I do have a 24 hour cancellation policy.

Ultimately, hiring a personal trainer is a personal decision. Aim to get the best value for your budget while ensuring they are the right fit for you. Always feel empowered to ask questions and be transparent about what you’re seeking in your fitness journey. If unsure ask to meet beforehand and have a chat about what you are looking for to see if that trainer fits your bill.

If you would like to have personal training, yoga or Pilates in a private gym in Alnwick Northumberland please get in touch.



[^1]: Smith, J. (2022). “The Benefits of Personal Training.” Fitness Journal.
[^2]: Brown, L. (2021). “Understanding Qualifications: A Guide to Fitness Training Certifications.” Health & Fitness Review.

Autism/ADHD and the wellness/health sphere

Once again today when casually looking at health related content autism and ADHD were being vilified. 

I’m going to try and put my thoughts into words here without sounding confrontational or failing to make sense. I also want to make it clear that these are my thoughts and experiences as a neurodivergent person I do not claim to speak for all.

I am a quite well educated person with a couple of degrees and am working on a law PhD. I’m also a personal trainer/yoga teacher and Pilates instructor and use to love learning more about new discoveries in how to improve my health, my families and my clients. 

I also have ADHD, my husband is autistic, my 82 year old mum is autistic, my eldest son is AuDHD, my daughter is autistic my middle one we suspect has ADHD. 

I find it difficult to put into words how upsetting it is every time I watch a health expert or wellness guru I enjoy on YouTube or flick through stories on Instagram to see that really they would rather I and my family wouldn’t exist. 

Of course not once and I mean literally not once has any of these professionals spoken to a neurodivergent person on their channels while discussing us. We are never included in the conversation or spoken to, only spoken about. With the conversation centred on what they believe “caused” us and how to “fix” us. Half facts are stated such as “the microbiome in autistic people is less diverse than neurotypicals” the inference being that gut bacteria causes autism. Without ever acknowledging that most autistic people have a handful of safe foods they eat on repeat. We know that the greatest driver of gut diversity is food diversity so I ask you, does the microbiome cause the autism or is it more likely that the autism causes the microbiome. Of course never bothering to talk to an actual autistic person they likely won’t consider this. 

So wellness gurus here’s my lifestyle. I exercise daily, I follow circadian health patterns, I eat a whole food, high plant organic meat diet, I use red light and NIR daily, I added NIR back into my family’s daily environment, in the summer we get outside often. In the winter for at least an hour a day and this winter we have been embracing cold. 

Do all the above help my health? Yes, of course. Do various things help with some of the symptoms of my ADHD? Absolutely. Some also have helped my daughter. 

For example a Circadian biology focus and daily red and NIR has helped my daughters anxiety and OCD massively. Far more than any medical intervention ever did. 

Sticking to a good light routine helps my focus and to a degree impulsivity. 

Is she still autistic? Yes.

Am I still ADHD? Yes.

We haven’t “cured” ourselves, we’ve found ways to optimise our health as neurodivergent people. In the exact same way as neurotypicals can optimise their health both physically and mentally.

When I try and raise this type of conversation I’m often told that something that boils down to “oh we don’t want rid of your type of autism or ADHD just the difficult people”

It’s then acknowledged that the autistic people like my husband who pretty much built silicon valley and keep the tech industry going are ok to keep around. Or the autistic people like my daughter who understands Physics like it’s as natural as breathing, or the many professors at universities who we all know are autistic of the savant side.  

Which means as neurodivergent people our right to be seen as being ok to exist in society is how well we blend with the neurotypical world or how useful we are to the neurotypical world. This is an issue across the board with disabilities. 

Or the suggestion is made that we separate what use to be called Asperger’s (anyone want to be named after a nazi child killer? Yeah me neither) and autism. Or “high” functioning and “low”; functioning. 

Except for neurodivergent people the terms aren’t always helpful.

Someone who is seen as “high” functioning because they are able to fit into society, have a brilliant mind and a good job might be masking most of the time and have significant support needs outside of work. They might struggle deeply with social interactions or finances but feel they can’t access help because they have never been told that their symptoms are varied and impact different aspects of life. Divorce rates for example are extremely high with autistic people. One of the potential ways of avoiding this might be to help couples understand each other’s neurology and support needs rather than thinking that the other person just doesn’t care or isn’t trying.  

Many neurodivergent people prefer to refer to support needs. I have for example low support needs but benefit greatly from my husband’s attention to detail in editing university work and making sure footnotes etc are correct. The last faffy bits of work and fine detail my ADHD finds mind numbingly suicidally dull.

My daughter is ridiculously intelligent but has at times significant support needs outside of academics.Individuals who have high support needs and need round the clock care can also be extremely loving beautiful people not deserving of the label low functioning. 

Then there’s the line I hear constantly and I mean constantly is that diagnoses are on the increase. That it’s a big problem and essentially we must end this plague of these weirdos. I always love feeling like I shouldn’t exist. 

My personal thoughts on the increase in diagnosis are as follows:-

A more diverse group of people are being diagnosed. Firstly older people who did not have the option of being diagnosed due to the diagnosis simply not existing when they were young or because if it did the only people who were put forward for diagnosis were those who caused other paths most problems. My mum growing up would not have been diagnosed even if autism was known about because she was able to pass as normal. She however struggled all her life with various aspects of her family life, friendships and career and when she was diagnosed at 80 it was a huge relief. She wasn’t getting it wrong. She was autistic. 

I wouldn’t have been diagnosed as a kid even if the option were available as I passed in society. I was diagnosed at 50 although I realised I was ADHD years before. But had I been able to be I would have avoided a bad marriage at 19, managed to get through my first degree on attempt one and avoided a number of other not optimal adventures as a young woman. My daughter had I not pushed for diagnosis would not have been put forward for diagnosis as she was quiet and well mannered but being diagnosed has allowed the university to support her in ways that optimise her experience and allows her to have not received a mark below 80% most are over 90. The only one of us who would have been diagnosed would be my eldest son because he was a pain in the arse at school. 

In other words even when diagnosis became common it was only open to those with the most obvious symptoms and then sadly  it was often mainly for the benefit of others. Although I realise that many parents seek diagnosis thankfully in order to help their children. Now we are seeking diagnosis for ourselves for our benefit and for the benefit of our children to allow them to gain the best in life. Not just because we are a problem. 

It wasn’t that long ago even into the 80s in some places that people who had the more obvious symptoms were institutionalised and never able to have a family. Thankfully that no longer happens which means more neurodivergent people are having children. 

I do think that anxiety, OCD, extreme poor attention and other mental health struggles within ADHD and autism are becoming more prevalent. As they are in society generally. Add in a change in the world to the high speed noisy environment most of us now live in which is very difficult for neurodivergent people and causes genuine stress and an exasperation of struggles. This then could be leading to autism and ADHD being more noticeable in individuals who at one point in a quiet unstimulated 1970s world just about fitted in. 

What I mean is take someone like me who grew up in the 70s with ADHD which meant a huge amount of time outside, getting up in the morning and going to bed in the dark. No bedroom TV, no devices. Being naughty was staying up reading under the covers!! Virtually no processed food. Then plonk me in the modern world as a child and would my symptoms get worse? For sure they would. I would probably have gone from being a kid that passed (although horrifically bullied for being different) to one that was an utter pain. In other words, changes in the modern world may have led to the expression of ADHD being more obvious and more diagnosed. So yes like a lot of the people in the health world I don’t think that all aspects of the modern world are great for us. For any of us.

We know neurotypical children develop attention and anxiety issues in the modern environment. Could it be worse for neurodivergent children who already struggle with attention or anxiety?

Does that mean there are more ND children or that children who might have passed as NT no longer can? I am not suggesting for one second that passing was a good thing by the way here, just that our modern world at times might be pretty awful for our neurotype and generally make life harder. 

I also think there are neurotypical children who develop ADHD like symptoms due to overstimulation, poor diet (which is often over caloric and nutritionally deficient) and not enough movement or sleep.They are diagnosed when they aren’t neurodivergent they are struggling in a modern environment. 

Finally autism and ADHD are more known about, more spoken about and it’s (outside of the health sphere where we are still made to feel like pariahs) accepted. Which means more people are aware enough to look for a diagnosis or put their children forward for diagnosis. 

I often hear people talking about “curing” someone’s ADHD or autistic and my heart breaks. Sometimes it might mean that a neurotypical child has been put in an environment that allowed those symptoms to dissipate but often it means that a neurodivergent child has been taught to hide the way their brain works for the sake of other people. 

If you ever take the time to talk to someone who is actually autistic or ADHD that just about always leads to significant problems from addiction to failed relationships and general self loathing. If you love someone who is neurodivergent, help them optimise their life but don’t expect them to not be neurodivergent. 

One of the saddest aspects of the health sphere othering neurodivergent people is there are a number of life tweaks that could genuinely help ND people have better, more enjoyable and successful lives in the same way as they do neurotypicals. Could we use that as a dialogue rather than the “we must get rid of these people” attitude? Could we focus on improving our lives rather than us being an issue to you? Embrace the joys the modern world has brought us while finding ways to change our environment to allow our neurotype to work to its best be that for a person with high support needs or low support needs. 

If you are involved in health and wellness and you believe that certain things will help autistic or ADHD people lead better, more successful lives, phrase it that way. Stop talking about us as a problem, speak about how light or nutrition might help anxiety or focus. Talk about how sleep helps everything. But don’t make it sound like we are your problem to solve. We aren’t and no matter what we do we will still be ADHD or autistic. 

How about being revolutionary and actually talking to a neurodivergent person in the wellness sphere about what has helped them rather than talking about them. There are plenty of diagnosed adults, open a dialogue and be willing to listen rather than tell them how you believe they work. 

Also be aware that the return to making it sound like being autistic or having adhd is the worst thing possible will stop those who can pass in society from seeking diagnosis. Undiagnosed and unsupported ADHD is linked to numerous consequences including very high rates of addiction and criminality. It is to the benefit of the individual that they know how their mind works and can build a life that suits their neurology. 

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/10870547231176862

If you are a parent wanting to help your child absolutely do everything you can to help their life be happier and healthier but please please don’t aim to cure them. At best you will be disappointed and they will know it. At worst they will mask in an attempt to appear to be who you want. That as with undiagnosed individuals has risks of addiction, law breaking and divorce. 

Finally let’s be honest you neurotypicals aren’t perfect either! You seem to need to socialise constantly which is exhausting. The passing of time with small talk is boring and incredibly fake. The desire to talk about your feelings all the time when there’s interesting facts we could share is infuriating and for the love of god could you please say what you mean rather than politely skirting around the issue. Then there’s the fact you rarely have a special interest you can share with us, if you do have a special interest you keep it for life rather than absorbing every possible fact before ditching it to hyperfocus on a new one. How do we possibly learn new info from you if you stick to one idea for life. 

But we love you so we accept these quirks 😜

Finally if you made it this far, thank you. I don’t expect you to agree with everything I think but I do think it is important to open a dialogue that includes ADHD and autistic people rather than talking about them or wishing we didn’t exist.

If you are a parent of an ADHD or autistic child consider checking the links below. You might find you yourself have some of the recognised traits of ADHD or Autism. You might even be one of us. That often is the case.

If you are a health professional working with parents with neurodivergent children consider if they could be also be ADHD or autistic.

Heck if you are a hyper-focused obsessive academic maybe give it a go too.

https://embrace-autism.com/autism-spectrum-quotient/

https://psychology-tools.com/test/adult-adhd-self-report-scale

What to expect

If you are considering joining me for one to one training in my little home gym in the new year here’s what to expect:-

On the first session we meet and have a chat about what you are looking for, what you hope to gain from the process as well as likes and dislikes movement wise.

Then we go through anything health related that might be relevant to the training sessions. This could be long term health conditions or old injuries.

Taking all of the above into account I take you through a few movements, nothing scary pretty basic body strength and mobility to see what your body wants to add to the conversation. If at any point of course if I ask you to do anything that feels wrong for your body we will skip that movement.

Then all of the above information is used to design a program that works towards your aims while working on mobility and strength to the degree that your body is ready for.

Some people start with a great deal of mobility work in order to allow them to move onto strength work safely. Others start with joint stabilisation for example in hypermobility spectrum disorders this is always stage one. For another it might be quite quickly into strength work.

The mobility and strength is through a blend of yoga, Pilates, bodyweight exercises and free weight resistance training.

Over time as you progress for most people more of the strength work is added in week upon week. Still we keep a focus on mobility to allow for strength through as full a range of movement as possible. This might be over a matter of weeks it might be over a matter of months. Each person will have different needs and their sessions as a result will look and progress differently.

The overall aim is however the same, to help you realign and strengthen your body to allow you to move freely and comfortably in day to day life.

For more information please read through other pages. The reviews page is a good place to start as it gives an idea of the process from a participants point of view and of course feel free to message with any questions.

If you would like to have personal training, yoga or Pilates in a private gym in Alnwick Northumberland please get in touch.

Greg Glassman is back

If you don’t know who Greg is, he created the CrossFit methodology a couple of decades ago.

Not everyone is a fan of CrossFit but it can’t be denied that he took the fitness and turned it on its head. Olympic weightlifting had the biggest resurgence in decades due to CrossFit, hell the barbell became normal in gyms again mainly due to CrossFit. I would also argue that it was the biggest factor in women beginning to see that strength training was for them as well not just men. Now Instagram is full of women of every age getting as strong as they can. This especially in menopause is absolutely and I can’t emphasise this enough critical for health.

Not to forget that he factored in a no nonsense approach to lifestyle and nutrition focused on meat, veg no sugar low carbs at a time everything was still low fat etc.

He was ousted from CrossFit in 2020 for various reasons and hadn’t done a great deal publicly since then.

So I’ll definitely be interested to see where he’s going with this new venture



https://brokenscience.org/metfix/

If you would like to have personal training in a private gym in Alnwick Northumberland please get in touch.

Or perhaps you would like to work with an online fitness coach competent in working with health issues and injuries.

Are we suffering from a light deficiency?

An interesting change happened within the built environment over the past few decades. Along with major changes in our food environment and movement patterns our light environment completely changed. Perhaps this may be a part of the puzzle in what has caused the increase in chronic illnesses over the past few decades? There will be multiple factors but the current research particularly on red and near infrared light is fascinating and certainly worth following to see  where it goes.

What do I mean by our light environment changed? Well gradually we removed full spectrum light from our indoor environment and our lives overall limiting it to predominantly blue light. A combination of factors caused this, firstly our move to life mainly indoors and secondly a desire to make lighting more energy efficient.

Due to the energy saving potential incandescent light bulbs were gradually replaced by LED bulbs which only use the visible spectrum. In other words wavelengths of light that we can actually see. However there are numerous wavelengths of light radiating from the sun, many of which even if we cannot see them interact with the body. Two of the spectrums we lost from our indoor lighting are red and near infrared (NIR)

Previous NIR exposure over the last 200 years [1]

Add to this double glazing and glass that filters out UV light and less time spent outside and we might all be suffering a light deficiency.

This is a reasonably recent issue, in the past we were exposed to full spectrum light from sunlight, firelight, candles, oil lamps and incandescent bulbs. Essentially if a light source produces light and heat it likely will also be producing near infrared and red light also. Near infrared and red light can now also be found in light panels created deliberately to emit these frequencies. In the past decade photobiomodulation has become an expanding area of research with researchers from diverse backgrounds including medics, engineers and NASA scientists all looking at different areas. Discoveries so far include:-

1. **Wound Healing and Tissue Repair**:
   NIR light has been shown to accelerate wound healing and tissue repair. Research indicates that it can stimulate cellular regeneration and reduce inflammation, which aids in faster recovery.[1]

2. **Pain Reduction**:
   Studies suggest that NIR light can alleviate pain by reducing inflammation and promoting blood flow to the affected areas. It is particularly effective in treating musculoskeletal pain.[2]
 
3. **Cognitive Function and Brain Health**:
   NIR light therapy has been investigated for its potential neuroprotective effects. It can enhance mitochondrial function, reduce oxidative stress, and improve cognitive performance in neurological conditions like dementia.[3]

Tissue specific processes that occur after PBM and benefit a range of brain disorders. BDNF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor; LLLT, low level light therapy; NGF, nerve growth factor; NT-3, neurotrophin 3; PBM, photobiomodulation; SOD, superoxide dismutase. [2]

4. **Skin Health**:
   NIR light therapy promotes collagen production and improves skin elasticity, which can reduce signs of aging and enhance overall skin health. It is also used to treat conditions like acne and scars. [4]

5. **Improved Circulation**:
   NIR light can enhance blood flow and oxygenation, which is beneficial for cardiovascular health and recovery from injuries. [5]

6. **Production of melatonin within the cell** NIR light it looks like produces melatonin at a cellular level. This melatonin is believed to be used as coolant by the mitochondria. In turn this reduces inflammation within the cell.[6][7]

7. **Reduction of symptoms in COVID19**

Fascinating work by an intensive care doctor found that used red and NIR light significantly reduced the symptoms of seriously ill patients. [8][9]

8. **Reduction of post prandial blood glucose**

A double blind study found that after meals red light being shone upon the lower back reduced blood sugar levels significantly. This is believed to be due to the cells working more efficiently at up taking the glucose hence there was less left in the blood stream.[10]

Post glucose blood levels red light intervention compared to placebo [3]

9. **May increase collagen production**

Research appears to indicate that controlled exposure to NIR and red light increases collages and reduces wrinkling in the skin.[11] NIR may also prepare the skin for UV light reducing the damaging impact of UV light.[12]

The areas that particularly interest me are the improvement in the function of mitochondria, efficiency with blood glucose, and the impact on the brain.

So what do we do with this information? It’s not practical to spend 50% of our time outdoors as our ancestors would have done unless you work outdoors and it will likely be a long time before the indoor light environment changes again. Research can take decades to filter through to action.

A first step would be to spend as much time outside as is practical for you and at minimum aim to get out into daylight most days ideally for some form of movement. Full spectrum bulbs are available and a good consideration if you spend most of your time indoors as are (if it’s within your budget) red light devices. However full spectrum bulbs although they release red light they do not have NIR. If there are rooms you spend a large amount of time in, it and NIR devices it might be worth considering switching back to the more efficient incandescent bulbs. In the US there is a bulb manufacturer making bulbs that are a LED plus a NIR filament combination which I would love to see available here. Interestingly because our mitochondria communicate with each other we don’t need more than a small amount of skin exposure to red light to reap some of the benefits.

It’s an interesting and relatively new field within health but maybe in a few years it will be as commonplace as discussions of any other health need. Perhaps we need to think of light as a nutritional need in the same way as water and food? It will be interesting to watch this area!

Due to all of the potential benefits of red and near infrared light I have a light panel installed on the gym wall. The NIR aspect is running throughout training sessions. For any clients who I feel will benefit from red light they have the opportunity to spend 5 minutes with their back to the panel after their session has finished. This is free of charge.

If you would like to have personal training in a private gym in Alnwick Northumberland please get in touch.

Or perhaps you would like to work with an online fitness coach competent in working with health issues and injuries.


[1] Mechanisms of low level light therapy. Hamblin, M. R., & Demidova, T. N. (2006).

[2] Efficacy of low-level laser therapy in the management of neck pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized placebo or active-treatment controlled trials. Chow, R. T., Johnson, M. I., Lopes-Martins, R. Â. B., & Bjordal, J. M. (2009

[3] Shining light on the head: photobiomodulation for brain disorders. Hamblin, M. R. (2016).

[4] The photobiological basis of low level laser therapy (LLLT). Calderhead, R. G. (2007).

[5] Red/near infrared light stimulates release of an endothelium dependent vasodilator and rescues vascular dysfunction in a diabetes model. Keszler A, Lindemer B, Weihrauch D, Jones D, Hogg N, Lohr NL. (2017)

[6] Melatonin: Both a Messenger of Darkness and a Participant in the Cellular Actions of Non-Visible Solar Radiation of Near Infrared Light. Tan DX, Reiter RJ, Zimmerman S, Hardeland R.

[7] Melatonin and the Optics of the Human Body. Zimmerman S, (2020)

[8] Light-Based Therapy: Novel Approach to Treat COVID-19. Azadeh SS, Esmaeeli Djavid G, Nobari S, Keshmiri Neghab H, Rezvan M. (2023)

[9] A geographical approach to the development of hypotheses relating to Covid-19 death rates. Margaret Skutsch,Roger D. Seheult,Jaime Loya. (2022)

[10] Light stimulation of mitochondria reduces blood glucose levels.  Glen Jeffery. (2024)

[11] [11] Effects of Infrared Radiation on Skin Photo-Aging and Pigmentation. Lee JH, Roh MR, Lee KH.(2006)

[12] The effects of infrared radiation on the human skin. Luke Horton, Joshua Brady, Colin M. Kincaid, Angeli Eloise Torres, Henry W. Lim. (2023)

Image references

[1] Melatonin and the Optics of the Human Body. Zimmerman S, (2020)

[2] Shining light on the head: photobiomodulation for brain disorders. Hamblin, M. R. (2016).

[3]Light stimulation of mitochondria reduces blood glucose levels.  Glen Jeffery. (2024)

[4]Melatonin and the Optics of the Human Body. Zimmerman S, (2020)

Have we been dangerously wrong about the sun?

I have as a pale person been a life long sun avoider. I thought that doing so was the right thing. That it was the best path for health. I may well have been wrong!

Most people are aware that during COVID those who in the early days prior to vaccines had a higher level of vitamin d had a higher chance of surviving. This was regardless of age. So much so that vitamin d pills were recommended wide scale. Except pills turned out to do next to nothing. It seems more likely that the higher vitamin d levels were a proxy for sun exposure.

Photo by Sachin C Nair

Maybe we are wrong about being able to get vitamin d (which is actually a hormone) of a type that is bioavailable enough to prevent anything other than severe deficiency from supplements or food. Oral vitamin d certainly doesn’t seem to work to modulate the immune system the way our own vitamin d made from sun exposure does.

What else are we wrong about when it comes to sun exposure.

According to two studies one which originally set out to prove sun exposure in Swedish women increased their risk of death due melanoma and did pretty much the opposite and the other the UK biobank study.

Both show strong and it really seems to be very strong evidence that sun avoidance is linked to a higher risk of all cause mortality. In other words sun avoiders were just more likely to die.

I’m going to add a few excerpts from journal pieces and articles along with the relevant links and then discuss.

“UVR is a skin carcinogen, yet no studies link sun exposure to increased all-cause mortality. Epidemiological studies from the United Kingdom and Sweden link sun exposure with reduced all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality. Vitamin D synthesis is dependent on UVB exposure. Individuals with higher serum levels of vitamin D are healthier in many ways, yet multiple trials of oral vitamin D supplementation show little benefit. Growing evidence shows that sunlight has health benefits through vitamin D–independent pathways, such as photomobilization of nitric oxide from cutaneous stores with reduction in cardiovascular morbidity. Sunlight has important systemic health benefit as well as risks.”

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022202X2400280X

Photo by Brett Sayles

“Living in locations with higher UV levels, for example Cornwall, was associated with a lower risk of death from cardiovascular disease and cancer – 19 per cent and 12 per cent, respectively – than living in areas with lower UV levels, such as Edinburgh or Glasgow.

Sunbed use was linked to a 23 per cent lower risk of death from cardiovascular disease and a 14 per cent lower risk of death from cancer, compared to non-users. It is possible that people who use sunbeds may also seek out greater sun exposure and so this result may reflect broader sun seeking behaviour, the team says.

Those with a higher estimated UV exposure had a slightly increased risk of being diagnosed with melanoma – a type of skin cancer – but their risk of dying from the condition was not raised.”

https://www.ed.ac.uk/news/2024/uv-rays-may-boost-health-in-low-sunlight-countries

Photo by John Tekeridis

“Abstract
Background
Sunlight exposure and fair skin are major determinants of human vitamin D production, but they are also risk factors for cutaneous malignant melanoma (MM). There is epidemiological evidence that all-cause mortality is related to low vitamin D levels.

Methods
We assessed the avoidance of sun exposure as a risk factor for all-cause mortality for 29 518 Swedish women in a prospective 20-year follow-up of the Melanoma in Southern Sweden (MISS) cohort. Women were recruited from 1990 to 1992 and were aged 25 to 64 years at the start of the study. We obtained detailed information at baseline on their sun exposure habits and potential confounders. Multivariable flexible parametric survival analysis was applied to the data.

Results
There were 2545 deaths amongst the 29 518 women who responded to the initial questionnaire. We found that all-cause mortality was inversely related to sun exposure habits. The mortality rate amongst avoiders of sun exposure was approximately twofold higher compared with the highest sun exposure group, resulting in excess mortality with a population attributable risk of 3%.

Conclusion
The results of this study provide observational evidence that avoiding sun exposure is a risk factor for all-cause mortality. Following sun exposure advice that is very restrictive in countries with low solar intensity might in fact be harmful to women’s health.”

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/joim.12251

In other words those of us living in north of the equator climates where the UV index drops below the point where vitamin d synthesis is possible for months at a time may be harming our health by avoiding summer sun.

Advice that is sensible in higher UV index climates could actually be dangerous in darker climes. Could the health advice we have been given for decades be very, very wrong.

Note I’m not suggesting extreme sun exposure and certainly baking to the point of burning. But as with everything there is a middle ground and maybe the sun advice in the UK needs to find it

If you would like a female personal trainer, yoga teacher or Pilates instructor in Alnwick Northumberland who is well versed in different types of training including working with health issues please get in touch.

When the magic fix no longer feels magic

When someone is feeling less than wonderful it’s common to try something and after a while it’s amazing. They start to feel better. Feel better to the point where yoga, Pilates, weight training whatever it happens to be becomes a passion. They want to tell everyone how fricking amazing Pilates is, how they felt awful beforehand, but now they feel pretty good.

Photo by Prasanth Inturi

But then it stops working, but that’s ok they try something new. Maybe going plant based or paleo and that becomes the new magic pathway. Then that stops working and so on.

So what gives? Possibly a few things. Firstly there is a very reductionist and polarising attitude towards life at the moment and it’s prevalent in the health and fitness space particularly. People are in particular camps, they are yogis, or weight lifters or runners. You can see fitness folk arguing in the comment sections of social media about which is better and why. Each of the adherents arguing their case as to why they are right, why weight lifting is better for far loss, or runners have the best VO2 max and that’s more important. How yoga reduces cortisol which does xyz.

Photo by Anna Shvets

Reality is we need a bit of all of them. We need some cardio for heart and lungs, strength training to prevent sarcopenia and frailty in later years and yes mobility too. Because what’s the point of the first two if you can’t get off the floor due to zero mobility?

So that’s a possibility, you had a piece of the movement puzzle but not the whole thing which meant that for example if someone was dealing with POTs they made progress through running but needed strength work also to improve blood flow.

Perhaps someone started a program but haven’t progressed. In other words still doing the same exercises again and again without any progressive overload. Without making them harder. When that happens the body responds to the stimulus but then gets to that stimulus, unless it’s  made more challenging in order to again introduce stimulus detraining can even occur.

Or maybe once someone has an exercise routine sorted their body starts to change and needs better nutrition, more sleep. Other pieces of the puzzle.

Photo by Monica Silvestre

If this has happened to you think of the following

What is the quality of your sleep like?

How much daylight do you get each day?

How many steps do you take a day?

How much blue light are you exposed to?

Do you have time away from blue light before sleep?

How much of your diet is real food? Doesn’t matter what your preference is but looks at how much is something that would have existed before processed food.

Do you have time to relax? Are you genuinely de-stressing?

Are you too comfortable all the time? Do you ever deliberately get out of breath, too hot, too cold or hungry?

Weirdly the body responds to adversity the rule of hormesis. In other words the biological phenomenon where a low exposure to a potentially harmful agent, like a toxin or stressor, can have beneficial effects on an organism. At a low dose of course.

Photo by Pao Dayag

Obviously I’m not saying try and do all these things at once, a total life overhaul is unsustainable BUT if you found an exercise routine that is working or a dietary pattern that helps you but you feel you are no longer getting results. Don’t stop what was working and do something entirely different, maybe tweak it. Make the exercise tougher or add in cardio/strength and then look at sleep or steps. Then after a few months add something else.

The reality is for optimal health we eventually need to look at all of it. Rather than expecting a magic bullet we need to accept that the human animal needs to eat well, move regularly, get daylight and sleep effectively. Any single piece of the puzzle missing can leave you feeling less than awesome.

If you would like to have a personal trainer with a holistic approach working out of a private home gym in Alnwick Northumberland get in touch!

Olympic weightlifting day 4

Today was a bit ugh, couldn’t get into the flow of it and was hyper aware of what I wasn’t getting right.

I think being a little bit tired and achy didn’t help. But it’s early in my year of this adventure so I’m not stressed.

I was particularly aware again of landing on my toes and a couple of times not getting the bar close enough.

I must admit to being a little relieved when I finished more in my comfort zone with dumbbell rows, bicep curls and sit ups!